A captive group a staff model

A captive group a network model

An independent group a network model

An independent group a staff model 

State

Not-for-profit 

For-profit

Federally qualified 

GPWW combines multiple independent physician practices under one umbrella organization 

GPWW generally has a lesser degree of integration than does an IPA 

member physicians cannot own the GPWW

GPWW's member physicians must perform their own business operations 

Standard (pure) community rating is typically used for large groups because it is the most competitive rating method for large groups.

Under standard (pure) community rating, a health plan charges all employers or other group sponsors the same dollar amount for a given level of medical benefits or health plan, without adjusting for factors such as age, gender, or experience.

In using the adjusted community rating (ACR) method, a health plan must consider the actual experience of a group in developing premium rates for that group.

The Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) prohibits health plans that assume Medicare risk from using the adjusted community rating (ACR) me

 health plans have more contracting options if providers are affiliated with single entities than if providers are affiliated with multiple entities 

urban areas offer more flexibility in provider contracting than do rural areas 

consumers and purchasers in markets with little health plan activity are likely to be more receptive to HMOs than to loosely managed plans such as PPOs

large employers tend to adopt health plans more slowly than do small companies